/* ProgramID=selectLectureChangeListOnlyCLOB */
    SELECT B.CONTENT
      FROM CHANGESEQ   B
      

    
    /* ProgramID=updateChangeSeqApprovalOnlyContent */
    UPDATE CHANGESEQ
       SET CONTENT     = #content:CLOB#
    

-- default : 20,000
-- max     : 1,000,000
DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE(1000000);

-- 1을 리턴한다.
SELECT NVL(MAX(SUBJ),0)+1 FROM TLMS_EXAMRESULT;

-- NULL을 리턴한다.
SELECT MAX(NVL(SUBJ,0))+1 FROM TLMS_EXAMRESULT;

-- 결과 : 0011
SELECT TO_CHAR(11, '0999')
  FROM DUAL

-- SUBSTR([field],[start],[length])
-- field   : 테이블 필드
-- start   : 시작 인덱스 1부터 시작
-- length  : 문자열 개수
-- 예제날짜 : 20111227120000
SELECT SUBSTR('20111227120000', 1, 4) || '-' ||
       SUBSTR('20111227120000', 5, 2) || '-' || 
       SUBSTR('20111227120000', 7, 2)               AS MYDATE
  FROM DUAL

SELECT DISTINCT ST.USN  AS USN
  FROM TLMS_STUDENT    ST
 WHERE 1 = 1
   AND ST.SUBJ = '3'
   AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT *
                     FROM TLMS_SUBJSCM A
                    WHERE 1 = 1 
                      AND A.USN  = ST.USN  
                      AND A.SUBJ = ST.SUBJ )

SELECT DISTINCT ST.USN  AS USN
  FROM TLMS_STUDENT    ST
 WHERE 1 = 1
   AND ST.SUBJ = '3'
   AND ST.USN  NOT IN (SELECT USN
                         FROM TLMS_SUBJSCM A
                        WHERE 1 = 1
                          AND A.SUBJ = ST.SUBJ)

--TRUNC(값[, 포메터])
-- 11.2
SELECT TRUNC(11.22, 1) FROM DUAL;

-- 11
SELECT TRUNC(11.22) FROM DUAL;


-- 포메터를 음수(-)로 지정하면 소수점 이상 자리 절삭 가능
-- 10
SELECT TRUNC(11.22, -1) FROM DUAL; 

-- 110
SELECT TRUNC(111.22, -1) FROM DUAL; 

-- 100
SELECT TRUNC(111.22, -2) FROM DUAL; 

-- 0
SELECT TRUNC(111.22, -3) FROM DUAL; 

-- HOUR
SELECT
  ROUND(((TO_DATE('20111122110000', 'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS')-TO_DATE('20111122100000', 'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS'))*24),3) AS DIFF_HOUR
  FROM DUAL
  ;

-- MINUTE
SELECT
  ROUND(((TO_DATE('20111122110000', 'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS')-TO_DATE('20111122100000', 'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS'))*24*60),3) AS DIFF_MINUTE
  FROM DUAL
  ;

-- SECOND
SELECT
  ROUND(((TO_DATE('20111122110000', 'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS')-TO_DATE('20111122100000', 'YYYYMMDDHH24MISS'))*24*60*60),3) AS DIFF_SECOND
  FROM DUAL
  ;

	SELECT INF.EXAMNUM
	  FROM (SELECT EX.EXAMNUM                           /* 문제번호 */
	              ,EX.SUBJ                              /* 과정코드 */
	              ,EX.LESSON                            /* 차시 */
	              ,EX.EXAMTYPE                          /* 문제분류 */
	              ,EX.LEVELS                            /* 난이도 */
	          FROM EXAM EX
	         WHERE 1 = 1
	           AND SUBJ              = #subj#
	           AND TO_NUMBER(LESSON) = #lesson#
	           AND EXAMTYPE          = #examtype#
	           AND LEVELS            = #levels#
	         ORDER BY DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE
	      ) INF
	 WHERE ROWNUM <= TO_NUMBER(TO_CHAR(#examcnt#))

-- INTERVAL '30' : 30분 전까지의 데이터를 확인
-- 오라클 설정에 따라 읽을수 있는 시간이 달라질수 있습니다.
INSERT INTO [테이블명]
SELECT * 
  FROM [테이블명] AS OF TIMESTAMP ( SYSTIMESTAMP - INTERVAL '30' MINUTE)

-- ABCD를 출력
SELECT UPPER('abcd') FROM DUAL

-- abcd를 출력
SELECT LOWER('ABCD') FROM DUAL

Oracle/PLSQL: Mod Function

In Oracle/PLSQL, the mod function returns the remainder of m divided by n.

The syntax for the mod function is:

mod( m, n )

The mod is calculated as:

m - n * floor(m/n)

Note:

The mod function uses the floor function in its formula, whereas the remainder function uses the round function in its formula.

The mod function returns m if n is 0.

Applies To:

• Oracle 8i, Oracle 9i, Oracle 10g, Oracle 11g

For example:

In Oracle/PLSQL, the to_number function converts a string to a number.

The syntax for the to_number function is:

to_number( string1, [ format_mask ], [ nls_language ] )

string1 is the string that will be converted to a number.

format_mask is optional. This is the format that will be used to convert string1 to a number.

nls_language is optional. This is the nls language used to convert string1 to a number.

Applies To:

• Oracle 8i, Oracle 9i, Oracle 10g, Oracle 11g

For example:

to_number('1210.73', '9999.99')	would return the number 1210.73
to_number('546', '999')	would return the number 546
to_number('23', '99')	would return the number 23

Since the format_mask and nls_language parameters are optional, you can simply convert a text string to a numeric value as follows:

-- 결과 : 3입니다.
SELECT DECODE(3, 1,'1입니다', 2, '2입니다.', 3, '3입니다.', '1-3의 숫자가 아닙니다.')
  FROM DUAL  

-- 101을 출력
SELECT CEIL(100.5) FROM DUAL

-- 100을 출력
SELECT FLOOR(100.5) FROM DUAL

-- TO_DATE : 문자열을 받아서 날짜타입으로 변환
-- TO_CHAR : 날짜타입을 문자열로 변환

-- 1.  시스템시간을 이용해서 문자열을 반환한다.
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYYMMDDHHmmss') as curDate FROM dual

-- 2. 문자열을 특정 포맷에 맞게 출력한다.
--    문자열을 DATE로 변환후에 다시 포맷에 맞게 문자열로 변환
SELECT TO_CHAR(TO_DATE('201111031452','YYYYMMDDHH24MISS'),'YYYY.MM.DD') FROM DUAL

-- expr1이 null이라면 expr2로 대치한다.
SELECT NVL([expr1],[expr2]) FROM dual

-- 테이블명 조회
SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE='TABLE'

-- 컬럼 조회
SELECT COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, DATA_LENGTH, DATA_PRECISION, DATA_SCALE, NULLABLE
  FROM COLS
 WHERE TABLE_NAME = '테이블명'


-- 컬럼 찾기
SELECT * FROM COLS
WHERE 1=1
  AND TABLE_NAME  LIKE '%' || UPPER([테이블명]) || '%'
  AND COLUMN_NAME LIKE '%' || UPPER([컬럼명]) || '%';

-- 테이블 찾기
SELECT *
  FROM USER_OBJECTS
 WHERE 1 = 1
   AND OBJECT_TYPE = 'TABLE'
   AND OBJECT_NAME LIKE '%' || UPPER([테이블명]) || '%';  

-- 예제
-- MSSQL 2000이하에서는 안된다네요.
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER( ORDER BY columnname ) AS ROWNUM
  FROM tablename